Apparatus fob intercepting heat



Sept. 25,- 1934. R, MI FRAPS 1,974,739

APPARATUS FOR INTERCEPTING HEAT FROM LIGHT u Filed May 14. 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l jzyf] @g2 'zg n fave?? fw zcfa I aso fn/;

Sept. 25, 1934. R. M. FRAPs 1,974,739

APPARATUS FOR INTERCEPTING HEAT FROM LIGHT Filed May 14. 1932 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 25, 1934 APPARATUS FOB FROM LIGHT melma Hann Frans. Chime. lll. Application my 14. 1932, serial No. 611,305

is claims. (Cl. zo-sas) My invention relates to a method of and means for limiting or preventing the admission of heat through a window, door or skylight or, in general,

to a room or enclosed space, while permitting light to penetrate such space. An immediate statement oi' the problemis the exclusion of direct solar heat radiation from any aperture or enclosed space, while permitting sunlight, direct or reflected, to penetrate or enter the enclosure in question. I employ the word enclosure as broad enough to cover any room, it being understood that the sunlight may be admitted through windows, doors, skylights or even through light pervious walls, as in modern steel and glass construction.

terior by sunlight.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

` I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings,

wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical section through one application of my invention;

Figure 2 is a similar section through application;

Figure 3 is a partial side elevation of the structure shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a horizontal section through a further application of my invention;

Figure 5 is a front view of a furtherapplication of my invention; and

Figure 61s a section on the line 6-8 o! Figure 5. Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring for example to Figure 1, A is `any suitable partition. wall. window trame or the like in which a window frame proper A1 may be positioned. A2 generally indicates a window aperture. B B indicate the usual window sash, herein shown as of duplex construction, including for example outer members Bl and inner members B3. In the inner members B2, I may position a pane of glass generally indicated as B3.

This mayfor example be any ordinary window glass, for example of any of the types commercially used, pervious both to sunlight and to the heat radiation of sunlight. B* indicate light pervious panes or members in the outer sash elements B1. 'I'he o0 panes B may be made ot -am! suitable light pervious but heat absorptive material. such as heat absorptive glass. The space between the panes Bl andB, indicated as B5, may be a dead air space. It will be understood. however, that any es suitable means may be employed for drawing of! and disposing of the heated air penetrating therein. For example I may illustrate air inlet and outlet apertures which are indicated as passing through the sash as at Be or through the outer pane itself as at B".

Where a greater circulation oi air is needed I illustrate as in Figure 2 a duplex window construction in which I employ inner sash members C, with panes of ordinary glass C1, an outer sash 15 C2 with panes of heat absorptive glam C3. In connection with the lower sash C2 I employ air inlet apertures C4 which may be in the lower member of the sash and may be shielded or provided with draft increasing means as indicated so at C5. C or any suitable outlet apertures in the upper sash member.

It will be understood that in the form of Figure 1 the heated air passes out through the upper apertures of the individual panes, whereas in 35 Figure 2 the heated air of the interior space passes out by the upper aperture C of the upper sash. If the operator wishes to prevent air circulation he may employ any suitable closure sheets or gates as shown at C".

My invention is applicable to automobiles, cars and the like. For example with Pullmans, observation and dining cars for use in summer or in the Southwest when and where there are maximums of light and heat I may employ a cooling circulation of air provided by the movement of the vehicle itself. Referring to Figure 4, D generally indicatesa portion of a vehicle, such as an automobile or railroad car. l)l is a window frame in which I show iilustratively a sash Dz having a pane of glass D. I provide any suitable window frame means D* or an outer pane D oi' light pervious but heat absorptive material.` D6 are vanes or deilectors whereby the outside air is directed through the aperture D' 105 into the space Dl between the panes D3 and D. The air so passing may pass out as by the aperture D. It will be understood for example that the movement of the car itself will cause a more or less violent circulation of outer air through oacteristicsoithepanen.

the space D', thus preventing any tendency for hot air to be entrapped therein. The result is the dissipation of the heat which would otherwise gather as a result of the heat absorptive char- The outside air is of course eii'eotive in transmitting heat which gathers in the air layer exterior to the pane 13. vReferring to Figures 5 and I illustrate a modiiication of the window structures shown in Flgureslandii. Eindieatesthesashoi'thewlndow proper. with the glass panes El. iiia indicate exterior sash structures which may include hinged portions El. E* are panes o! heat absorptive material. It will be understood that when the outer hingedsectionsareinthedottedline position there will be a dead air space between the window pane E1 and the outer heat absorbent panes E. When a circulation is desired the terminal hinged sections may be swung into the full line position in which they are shown in Figure 6 in which case there will be a circulation of air through the space between the panes Ex and E4. This application of my invention is adaptable for example to houses, but may also be employed with moving vehicles where the rate of movement is not too high.

Referring for example to the form o! Figures 5 and 6 it will be realized that by swinging the hinged frames out into the full line position of Figure 6 it is possible not merely to carry of! the heated air which would otherwise gather between the panes l!l and E4, but it is possible to direct unheated outside air into a room.` For example, ii' the lower outside sash Ea is somewhat raised,

'unbeaten outside anwul new beneath the lower edge thereoi' and ii' the inside panell.1 is also raised it will ilow directly into the room. This unheated air is available for ventilation; As to the upper portion of the outer sash, the outer hinsins is eiective to cause a lateral circulation across the window and laterally through the space between the inner and outer window. This will dissipate the heated air and the heated air will be carried not into the room but out into the outer air. Also, in the form ot Figure l if the lower sash is raised unheated outside air can blow into the space below it, while the circulation oi the heated air, particularly or the upper sash, continues undisturbed. Similarly, in Figure 2 ii the lower sash oi both the inner and the outer 'window is raised, no cooled outside air will blow under the lower edges o! the sash, but the dissipation of the heated air between .the two spaces of panes will be undisturbed.

I claim:

1. In a means for limiting the e of heat through a light admitting aperture, alight pervious window member. a light pervious and heat ed an from and space sway from said window and away from the enclosed space to which said window admits light.

3. In means for limiting the e oi heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member, a light pervious and heat absorptive window member spaced from the rst mentioned window member, and means i'or maintaining a dead air space therebetween.

4. In means for limiting the passage ot heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member, a light pervious and heat absorptive window member spaced from the first mentioned window member, and means for substantially enclosing the space therebetween, and means ior maintaining a circulation oi air through such enclosed space.

5. In a means for limiting the passage of heat through a light admitting aperture, a compound window member including two light pervious window elements and means for positioning them in spaced relationship, one oi said elements being heat absorptive.

8. In means for limiting the passage of heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member in said aperture, and a light pervious and heat absorptive window member removably associated with said first mentioned window member.

'1. In means for limiting the passage oi heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member in said aperture, and a light pervious and heat absorptlve window member removably associated with said ilrst mentioned window member, and means for positioning said last mentioned light pervious member in a predetermined spaced relation to the rst mentioned window member.

8. In means for limiting the passage oi heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member in said aperture, and a light pervious and heat absorptive window member adjustably associated with said first mentioned window member.

9. In means for limiting the passage of heat through a light admitting aperture. a light pervious window member positioned in said aperture, and an additional light pervious and heat absorptive window member associated with said aperture and positioned exterior to said iirst mentioned window member, and means for maintaining a circulation oi air through the space between said window members, both oi' said window members being adjustably positioned in relation to the aperture.

10. In a vehicle having a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member positioned in said aperture, a light pervious and heat absorptive member positioned exterior to said iirst mentioned window member, and means for causing the passage or outside air therebetween, in response to movement of the vehicle.

11. In a vehicle having a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member positioned in said aperture, alight pervious and heat absorptive member positioned exterior to said ilrst mentioned window member, and means for causing the 1: e of outside air therebetween, in response to movement oi the vehicle, including a directing means adapted to deflect air into said space in response to movement ot the vehicle.

l2. In means for limiting the passage of heat through a light admitting aperture, a light pervious window member in said aperture, and a light pervious and heat absorptive whidow member spaced therefrom, means for maintaining a circulation oi air through the space between said members, and additional means for directing unheated air into the room to which light is admitted.

RICHARD MASON FRAPS. 

